改寫(xiě)句子知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理

　　一、概述

　　按要求改寫(xiě)句子主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的掌握以及用不同句型表達(dá)同一意思的能力。考查所涉及到的句子類(lèi)型有一般疑問(wèn)句、否定句、反意疑問(wèn)句、選擇疑問(wèn)句、對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)、感嘆句、保持原句意思、合并成一句、簡(jiǎn)單句和復(fù)合句之間的互換以及改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)等。

　　二、解題時(shí)需注意的幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)

　　1、時(shí)態(tài)：不同的時(shí)態(tài)相對(duì)應(yīng)的助動(dòng)詞

　　一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形（主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞加s或es，變否定句、疑問(wèn)句時(shí)助動(dòng)詞為do或does）

　　一般過(guò)去時(shí)：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，變否定句、疑問(wèn)句時(shí)助動(dòng)詞為did.

　　現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：助動(dòng)詞have/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞

　　過(guò)去完成時(shí)：助動(dòng)詞had+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞

　　一般將來(lái)時(shí)：will/begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形

　　過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)：would/wasorweregoingto+動(dòng)詞原形

　　現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am/is/are＋動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞

　　過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：was/were＋動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞

　　2、語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)

　　一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am/is/are＋動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞

　　一般過(guò)去時(shí)：was/were+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞

　　一般將來(lái)時(shí)：willbe+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞

　　情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：can/may/must/need等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋be++動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞

　　3、改反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí)注意hardly,never,seldom,few,little,no等詞表達(dá)的是否定意義，變反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí)用肯定形式。

　　4、在合并句子時(shí)，有些連詞如notonly…butalso…,neither…nor…,either…or…是就近原則，連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)動(dòng)詞形式取決于與動(dòng)詞鄰近的主語(yǔ)。而both…and…連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)。

　　5、簡(jiǎn)單句和復(fù)合句之間的互換常見(jiàn)的有：

　　帶有疑問(wèn)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句改為特殊疑問(wèn)詞＋to＋動(dòng)詞原形的不定式；結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句so…that…改為enoughto或too…to…的簡(jiǎn)單句。

　　6、保持原句意思改寫(xiě)句子時(shí)注意時(shí)態(tài)不變。

　　三、習(xí)題

　　練習(xí)一

　　1.Wedoourhomeworkeveryevening.（改為否定句）

　　We_________________ourhomeworkeveryevening.對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))

　　________________dotheyhaveaclassmeeting?

　　3.Shecouldhardlyunderstandthispassage.(改為反意疑問(wèn)句)

　　Shecouldhardlyunderstandthispassage,___________________?

　　4.Themanagertoldhimhowtogetusefulinformation.(改為否定句)

　　Themanager__________________himhowtogetusefulinformation.

　　5.Tom’ssistercanspeakEnglishandJapaneseverywell.(改為反意疑問(wèn)句)

　　Tom’ssistercanspeakEnglishandJapaneseverywell,__________________?

　　對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))

　　__________________helivetwentyyearsago?

　　7.Samdoessomecleaninginthemorning.(改為否定句)

　　Sam_________do_________cleaninginthemorning.

　　對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))

　　__________________havethestudentsworkedonthesurvey?

　　9.Yourfatherusedtorideabike.（改成反意問(wèn)句）

　　Yourfatherusedtorideabike,_______________?（對(duì)劃線提問(wèn)）

　　_____________________thepopulationofGermany?

　　11.Mr.Wangwasheshiscaronceamonth.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句）

　　Mr.Wang(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))

　　willSusancomebackfromAthens?

　　13.MyfriendslosttheirwaywhentheyweretravelinginHongKong.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)

　　________yourfriends________theirwaywhentheyweretravelinginHongKong?

　　14.對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))

　　________________hasYaoMingbeenintheRocketTeam?

　　15.Sheputthedigitalcameraonthebedjustnow.(改為否定句)

　　She__________________thedigitalcameraonthebedjustnow.

　　16.Mark'sflowntoHainanIslandforwinterholidays.(改為反意疑問(wèn)句)

　　Mark'sflowntoHainanIslandforwinterholidays,__________________?

　　(專(zhuān)輯).(劃線部分提問(wèn))

　　_________didSuperGirlZhouBichang_________toVienna?

　　18.I’vealreadysavedenoughmoneytobuyanewcar.(改為否定句)

　　I________savedenoughmoneytobuyacar________.

　　19.Lilyusedtohavelongstraighthair.(改為反意疑問(wèn)句)

　　Lilyusedtohavelongstraighthair,________________?

　　20.Hehasalreadybeenthere.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)

　　__________hebeenthere__________?

　　21.Theydecidedthattheywouldn'thavethepicnicbecauseofthebadweather.(改為簡(jiǎn)單句)

　　Theydecided___________________havethepicnicbecauseofthebad

　　weather.

　　22.TheEnglishpeoplehardlyevershakehandsbetweenthestrangers.(改為反意疑問(wèn)句)

　　TheEnglishpeoplehardlyevershakehandsbetweenthestrangers,____________________?

　　23.Theygrewsomesunflowersintheirgardenlastyear.（改為否定句）

　　They____________________anysunflowersintheirgardenlastyear.

　　24.Janedrinksmilkeverymorning.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句）

　　_________Jane___________milkeverymorning?（就劃線部分提問(wèn)）

　　___________map___________toClass4?

　　26.Youcanchooseonlyoneofthetwo:amini-TVoraDVDplayer.(改為選擇疑問(wèn)句)

　　youwantamini-TVaDVDplayer?

　　27.Thatdetectivefilmissoamazing.（改為感嘆句）

　　______________________amazingdetectivefilm!

　　28.Hehassomemoneyleft.（改成否定句）

　　Hemoneyleft.

　　29.（劃線部分提問(wèn)）

　　dothemembersofthefilmsocietymeet?

　　30.Hismotherknewwhythelittleboywasunhappyallday.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)

　　_______hismother_______whytheboywasunhappyallday?

　　31.Helooksveryfunnywiththathaton.(改為感嘆句)

　　______________helookswiththathaton!.對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))

　　______________theybuildthisfactory?

　　33.Ihavealreadyfinishedthetestpaper.（改為否定句）

　　I________finishedthetestpaper________.

　　34.Johnsondeniedcheatinginthecompetition.（改為反意疑問(wèn)句）

　　Johnsondeniedcheatinginthecompetition,________________?（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）________________thestoryneedtobefunny?

　　36.Samdoessomecleaninginthemorning.(改為否定句)

　　Sam_________do_________cleaninginthemorning.

　　對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))__________________havethestudentsworkedonthesurvey?

　　38.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）__________________hashebeenatopfashiondesigner?

　　39.對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))

　　________________willtheymoveintothenewschool?

　　40.togotothePeople’sSquarebyunderground.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))

　　_______________didittakeyoutogotothePeople’sSquarebyunderground?

　　練習(xí)二：

　　1.Goldislessvaluablethandiamond.(保持句意不變)

　　Goldis________________valuableasdiamond.

　　2.HetoldthechildrentogoandwatchhistankofGhostfish.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))Thechildren________________togoandwatchhistankofGhostfish.

　　3.UnlessIhaveaquietroom,Icannotdoanywork.（保持句意不變）

　　Icannotdoanywork________I_________haveaquietroom.

　　4.Themanagerarrivedhereafewminutesago.（保持句意不變）

　　Themanagerhas_________here________afewminutes.

　　5.TheywillsendhimtoworkinJapanforoneyear.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))

　　Hewill_________________toworkinJapanforoneyear.

　　6.Thewordsonthenoticeboardareverysmall.Ican’tseethemclearly.(保持句子原意)

　　ThewordsonthenoticeboardaresmallIcan’tseethem

　　clearly.

　　7.Wecansolvetheproblemswiththehelpoftheteacher.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))Theproblemscan__________________withthehelpoftheteacher.

　　8.Wecan’tfinishtheworkinsuchashorttime.(保持原句意思)

　　It’s__________________ustofinishtheworkinsuchashorttime.

　　9.Wemustkeepthenoiseunder50dbs.(分貝)（改成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）

　　Thenoisemust_______________under50dbshere.

　　10.Mikedoesn’tlikeclassicalmusic.Billydoesn’teither.（合并成一句）_________MikenorBilly__________classicalmusic.

　　11.Theroomissodirtythatwecan’tliveinit.（保持句意不變）

　　Theroomisn’t___________________forustolivein.

　　12.Nooneknowswhenwewillstarttomorrow.（保持原句意思）

　　Nooneknowsstarttomorrow.

　　13.TheSmithswillinvitetheprofessortotakepartintheparty.(改成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))totakepartinthepartybytheSmiths.

　　14.Ifyouarenotbrave,you’llloseyourlastchance.（保持原句意思）

　　youare’llloseyourlastchance.

　　15.Theystoremuchinformationinthecomputer.(改成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))

　　Muchinformation________________inthecomputer.

　　16.Don’tthrowrubbishhereandthere.Ourteachersaidtous.(合并為一句)

　　Ourteachertoldus________________throwrubbishhereandthere.

　　17.IfJohndoesn’tapologizeforwhathedid,Iwilltelltheteacherabouthisbadbehavior.（保持原句意思）

　　_______John_______forwhathedid,Iwilltelltheteacherabouthisbadbehavior.

　　18.Idon'tknowwherewecangrowvegetablesinthecity.(改為簡(jiǎn)單句)Idon'tknow__________________growvegetablesinthecity.

　　19.PeopleusedtoenjoythemselveschattingonMSNwhenitworkedwell.(保持句意基本不變)

　　Peopleusedto_________alotof_________chattingonMSNwhenitworkedwell.

　　20.Ifyoudon’timproveyourhandwriting,youwilllosemarksintheexam.(合成同義句)

　　Youwilllosemarksintheexam________you________yourhandwriting.

　　21.Togofishingisfun.（句意不變）

　　_____isfun___________fishing.

　　22.Dickwassoshortthathecouldn’ttouchthetopofthebookshelf.（保持句意基本不變）

　　Dickwasn’t____________________toreachthetopofthebookshelf.

　　23.“CanIborrowyourbikeforawhileornot?”（保持句意基本不變）

　　Tomaskedhissister__________he__________borrowherbikeornotforawhile.

　　24.Thecouplecouldn’tdecidewhichflattheyshouldchooseatfirst.（保持原句意思）

　　Thecouplecouldn’tdecidewhichflatatfirst.

　　25.Meaninglessinformationisdifficultforthelittleboytoremember.（保持原句意思）

　　isdifficultforthelittleboyremembermeaninglessinformation.

　　26.Peoplethrowawaymillionsofplasticbagsinourcityeveryday.（改成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）

　　Millionsofplasticbagsawayinourcity.

　　27.Shewassocarelessthatshecouldn’tfindthemistakesinhertestpaper.(保持句意基本不變)

　　Shewas______________tofindthemistakesinhertestpaper.

　　28.WewillholdthenextOlympicGamesinBeijingin20xx.（改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）

　　ThenextOlympicGameswill______________inBeijingin20xx.

　　29.Theelderlymanpushedthebirdsintotheriver.（改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）

　　Thebirds________________intotheriverbytheelderlyman.

　　30.Dolphinsaresocleverthattheycanfollowtheinstructions.（保持句意基本不變）Dolphinsare________________tofollowtheinstructions.

　　31.Wecan’tfinishtheworkinsuchashorttime.(保持原句意思)

　　It’s__________________ustofinishtheworkinsuchashorttime.

　　32.TheyinvitedtheastronautandhiswifetothepartyonChristmasEve.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))

　　Theastronautandhiswife__________________tothepartyonChristmasEve.

　　33.Thelittlegirldidn’tgotobedunlessthegrandmothertoldherastory.(保持句意基本不變)

　　Thelittlegirldidn’tgotobed_________thegrandmother_________tellherastory.

　　34.Theplaneissobigthatitcancarry300passengersatonetime.（改為簡(jiǎn)單句）

　　Theplaneisbig__________________carry300passengersatonetime.

　　35.Didtheyknowtheanswertothequestion?Ididn’tknow…(合并為一句)Ididn’tknow________theyhad________theanswertothequestion.